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  1. Gloger’s rule postulates that animals should be darker colored in warm and humid regions where dense vegetation and dark environments are common. Although rare in Canis populations, melanism in wolves is more com...

    Authors: Joseph W. Hinton, Kyla M. West, Daniel J. Sullivan, Jacqueline L. Frair and Michael J. Chamberlain
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Reintroduction is a common technique for re-establishing threatened species. However, the adaptation to novel habitats with distinct conditions poses a risk of failure. Weather conditions affect the behaviour ...

    Authors: Anna Bernátková, Ganbaatar Oyunsaikhan, Jaroslav Šimek, Martina Komárková, Miroslav Bobek and Francisco Ceacero
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The worm Enchytraeus buchholzi is a new record species for Shaanxi, China, and a key pest on American ginseng Panax quinquefolium. To distinguish the species, the authors prepared its whole mounts and paraffin-em...

    Authors: Limin Zhao, Xiuchao Xie, Dejing Chen, Guilan Ma and Ya Sun
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Migratory birds differ markedly in their migration strategies, particularly those performing short- versus long-distance migrations. In preparation for migration, all birds undergo physiological and morphologi...

    Authors: Steffen Hahn, Tamara Emmenegger, Sara Riello, Lorenzo Serra, Fernando Spina, William A. Buttemer and Silke Bauer
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Pikes, members of genus Esox, are widespread freshwater predators of the northern hemisphere, and important sport fish also. From the Carpathian basin only one species, the northern pike (E. lucius) is noted. At ...

    Authors: Péter Takács, Bálint Bánó, István Czeglédi, Tibor Erős, Árpád Ferincz, Blanka Gál, Bernadett Bánó-Kern, Balázs Kovács, András Attila Nagy, Krisztián Nyeste, Vera Lente, Bálint Preiszner, Sándor Sipos, Ádám Staszny, Zoltán Vitál, András Weiperth…
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Most amphibians use a repertoire of acoustic signals to propagate signals in social contexts. The description of these repertoires provides a key towards the understanding of the behaviour of individuals and t...

    Authors: Vishal Kumar Prasad, Ming-Feng Chuang, Abhijit Das, K. Ramesh, Yoonjung Yi, K. P. Dinesh and Amaël Borzée
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Freshwater planarians of the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) are distributed in a major part of the Old World and Australia, although until recently only very few species were known from C...

    Authors: Guang-wen Chen, Lei Wang, Fan Wu, Xiao-juan Sun, Zi-mei Dong, Ronald Sluys, Fei Yu, Yan-qing Yu-wen and De-zeng Liu
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Anura: Dicroglossidae) is distributed in China and Thailand and the former can survive substantially lower temperatures than the latter. The mitochondrial genomes of the two subspecies a...

    Authors: Wan-Ting Jin, Jia-Yin Guan, Xin-Yi Dai, Gong-Ji Wu, Le-Ping Zhang, Kenneth B. Storey, Jia-Yong Zhang, Rong-Quan Zheng and Dan-Na Yu
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Host range is a fundamental trait to understand the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of symbionts. Increasing host specificity is expected to be accompanied with specialization in different symbiont traits...

    Authors: T. Parmentier, M. Gaju-Ricart, T. Wenseleers and R. Molero-Baltanás
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. The ‘snow-melt mosquito’ aedes (rusticoidus) refiki is a rare species with a wide distribution in Europe that is usually defined as an aggressive mosquito for mammals, including humans. During a mosquito survey i...

    Authors: Laia Casades-Martí, Mario Frías, Sarah Delacour and Francisco Ruiz-Fons
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The success of animal reproduction is impacted by a trade-off between energetic costs and mortality associated with immediate vs. future reproductive attempts. The reproductive strategies of European insectivo...

    Authors: Katerina Zukalova, Veronika Seidlova, Vladimir Piacek, Monika Nemcova, Michal Pribyl, Jiri Pikula and Jan Zukal
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Endurance rivalry and female choice are two important mechanisms of sexual selection in lek-breeding species. Endurance rivalry is when males compete for opportunities to mate by spending more time in leks tha...

    Authors: Yuan-Cheng Cheng, Yi-Huey Chen, Chunwen Chang, Ming-Feng Chuang and Yuying Hsu
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. The nervous system of siboglinids has been studied mainly in Osedax and some Vestimentifera, while data in Frenulata – one of the four pogonophoran main branches – is still fragmentary. In most of the studies, th...

    Authors: Olga V. Zaitseva, Roman V. Smirnov, Zinaida I. Starunova, Andrey A. Vedenin and Viktor V. Starunov
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Laelaps agilis C.L. Koch, 1836 is one the most abundant and widespread parasitic mite species in the Western Palearctic. It is a permanent ectoparasite associated with the Apodemus genus, which transmits Hepatozo...

    Authors: Masoud Nazarizadeh, Jana Martinů, Milena Nováková, Michal Stanko and Jan Štefka
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. The present study was conducted to investigate the ecological aspects of sand flies in southwestern North Khorasan, in which cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major has been reported with the highest a...

    Authors: Hasan Jalali, Seyed Hassan Nikookar, Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei, Elham Jahanifard, Ahmad Ali Enayati, Farzad Motevalli-Haghi and Jamshid Yazdani-Charati
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. The Egyptian spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus) is the only known rodent to exhibit true, human-like menstruation and postpartum ovulation, and is an important new model for reproductive studies. Spiny mice do not pr...

    Authors: Jarrod McKenna, Nadia Bellofiore and Peter Temple-Smith
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Captive breeding of bonobos (Pan paniscus) has proven to be successful, but maintaining genetic diversity remains a challenge. Cryopreservation of semen is an important potential tool to maintain genetic diversit...

    Authors: Ilse Gerits, Eline Wydooghe, Sofie Peere, Francis Vercammen, Jeroen M. G. Stevens and Cyriel Ververs
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Fairy shrimps belong to order Anostraca, class Branchiopoda, subphylum Crustacea, and phylum Arthropoda. Three fairy shrimp species (Eubranchipus uchidai, E. asanumai, and E. hatanakai) that inhabit snowmelt pool...

    Authors: Takashi Kitano, Hidenori Sato, Norihito Takahashi, Seiki Igarashi, Yushi Hatanaka, Keiji Igarashi and Kazuo Umetsu
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Understanding the diversity of eyes is crucial to unravel how different animals use vision to interact with their respective environments. To date, comparative studies of eye anatomy are scarce because they of...

    Authors: Pierre Tichit, Tunhe Zhou, Hans Martin Kjer, Vedrana Andersen Dahl, Anders Bjorholm Dahl and Emily Baird
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:10
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  25. The decapods are a major group of crustaceans that includes shrimps, prawns, crayfishes, lobsters, and crabs. Several studies focused on the study of the digestive system of the decapods, constituted by the oe...

    Authors: Diego Castejón, Guiomar Rotllant, Javier Alba-Tercedor, Enric Ribes, Mercè Durfort and Guillermo Guerao
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Control of intermediate host snails using molluscicides for the control and/or elimination of schistosomiasis is a strategy in line with WHO recommendations. Niclosamide is the main chemical molluscicide recom...

    Authors: Cyrille K. Konan, Yves-Nathan T. Tian-Bi, Nana R. Diakité, Mamadou Ouattara, Jean T. Coulibaly, Diabaté Salia, Amani Koné, Adolphe K. Kakou, Rufin K. Assaré, Mocket A. Ehouman, Sonya C. Glitho and Eliézer K. N’Goran
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Limnoperna fortunei is a freshwater bivalve mollusc originally from southern Asia that invaded South America in the 1990’s. Due to its highly efficient water pumping and filtering, and its capacity to form stron...

    Authors: Erico Tadeu Fraga Freitas, Amanda Maria Siqueira Moreira, Rayan Silva de Paula, Gabriela Rabelo Andrade, Marcela David de Carvalho, Paulo Santos Assis, Erika Cristina Jorge and Antônio Valadão Cardoso
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Aluminum is the third most prevalent element in the earth’s crust. In most conditions, it is tightly bound to form inaccessible compounds, however in low soil pH, the ionized form of aluminum can be taken up b...

    Authors: A. M. Chicas-Mosier, T. E. Black, K. P. Hester, L. P. Belzunces and C. I. Abramson
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Hypostominae is a subfamily of the family Loricariidae that has a great diversity of species. Accordingly, testicular studies in fish can contribute to the phylogeny and taxonomy of species and to the comparis...

    Authors: Ivana Kerly S. Viana, Gicelle M. F. S., Juliana C. D. Pantoja, Renata S. Oliveira, Yanne A. Mendes, José Leocyvan G. Nunes, Maria Auxiliadora P. Ferreira and Rossineide M. Rocha
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. The Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) is the largest and one of the most endangered cats in the world. In wild and captive cats, communication is mainly dependent on olfaction. However, vocal communication als...

    Authors: Xuanmin Kong, Dan Liu, Atul Kathait, Yonglu Cui, Qi Wang, Shenfan Yang, Xin Li, Ming Gong, Nathan Roberts, Xiaoying Xing and Guangshun Jiang
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Fish encounter oxidative stress several times during their lifetime, and it has a pervasive influence on their health and welfare. One of the triggers of oxidative stress in fish farming is the use of oxidativ...

    Authors: João Osório, Kevin T. Stiller, Britt-Kristin Reiten, Jelena Kolarevic, Lill-Heidi Johansen, Fernando Afonso and Carlo C. Lazado
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2022 7:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Sixty percent of all species are insects, yet despite global efforts to monitor animal movement patterns, insects are continuously underrepresented. This striking difference between species richness and the nu...

    Authors: Thomas Walter, Jacqueline Degen, Keram Pfeiffer, Anna Stöckl, Sergio Montenegro and Tobias Degen
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Nearly all insectivorous bats (Chiroptera) are strictly nocturnal, flying and feeding only between sunset and sunrise despite lower insect availability than by day, most likely to avoid predation by diurnal bi...

    Authors: Karl Frafjord
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. The striped venus clam Chamelea gallina is an economically important species in Adriatic Sea fisheries. The use of hydraulic dredging for its catch has a long history in Italy and its management faced several sta...

    Authors: Giada Bargione, Fortunata Donato, Giulio Barone, Massimo Virgili, Pierluigi Penna and Alessandro Lucchetti
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Head appendages in Annelida contribute significantly to the immense morphological diversity in this spiralian taxon. Nevertheless, the evolutionary origin of annelid antennae, palps, cirri and tentacles are pa...

    Authors: Paul Kalke, Patrick Beckers and Conrad Helm
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:30
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. There are two species of Mus in the Caucasus: M. musculus and M. macedonicus. M. musculus is widespread in the Caucasus, where the species is found everywhere from the Black to the Caspian Sea. M. macedonicus is ...

    Authors: Fatimat Tembotova, Ekaterina Kuchinova, Albina Amshokova and Ekaretina Kononenko
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The morphology of anuran larvae is suggested to differ between species with tadpoles living in standing (lentic) and running (lotic) waters. To explore which character combinations within the general tadpole m...

    Authors: Jörn Laudor, Arne Schulze, Michael Veith, Bruno Viertel, Ortwin Elle and Stefan Lötters
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Rodents are thought to be produced their human-audible calls (AUDs, below 20 kHz) with phonation mechanism based on vibration of the vocal folds, whereas their ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs, over 20 kHz) are ...

    Authors: Ilya A. Volodin, Daria D. Yurlova, Olga G. Ilchenko and Elena V. Volodina
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Increasing temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns threaten the existence of many organisms. It is therefore informative to identify the functional traits that underlie differences in desiccation re...

    Authors: Beatrice Nervo, Angela Roggero, Dan Chamberlain, Enrico Caprio, Antonio Rolando and Claudia Palestrini
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. The causes of geographic variation of body size in ectotherms have generally been attributed to environmental variables. Research in amphibians has favored mechanisms that involve water availability as an expl...

    Authors: Felipe Durán, Marco A. Méndez and Claudio Correa
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Although acoustic communication plays an essential role in the social interactions of Rallidae, our knowledge of how Rallidae encode diverse types of information using simple vocalizations is limited. We recor...

    Authors: Changjian Fu, Atul Kathait, Guangyi Lu, Xiang Li, Feng Li and Xiaoying Xing
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Monogeneans, in general, show a range of unique adaptations to a parasitic lifestyle, making this group enormously diverse. Due to their unique biological properties, diplozoid monogeneans represent an attract...

    Authors: Andrea Valigurová, Naděžda Vaškovicová, Milan Gelnar, Magdaléna Kováčiková and Iveta Hodová
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Prioritizing groupings of organisms or ‘units’ below the species level is a critical issue for conservation purposes. Several techniques encompassing different time-frames, from genetics to ecological markers,...

    Authors: Elena B. Papale, Marta A. Azzolin, Irma Cascão, Alexandre Gannier, Marc O. Lammers, Vidal M. Martin, Julie N. Oswald, Monica Perez-Gil, Rui Prieto, Mónica A. Silva, Marco Torri and Cristina Giacoma
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Rainbow trout is an economically important fish in aquaculture and is a model species in environmental physiology. Despite earlier research on the seawater adaptability of rainbow trout at different temperatur...

    Authors: Jian Ge, Yangen Zhou, Ming Huang, Qinfeng Gao, Yunwei Dong and Shuanglin Dong
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Aphids can be positioned as robust pest insects in farming and as ones of the model organisms for arthropods in molecular biology. Carotenoids are pigments that protect organisms from photooxidative damage cau...

    Authors: Miho Takemura, Takashi Maoka, Takashi Koyanagi, Naoki Kawase, Ritsuo Nishida, Tsutomu Tsuchida, Mantaro Hironaka, Tetsuyuki Ueda and Norihiko Misawa
    Citation: BMC Zoology 2021 6:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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