Molecular phylogeny of the Palaearctic butterfly genus Pseudophilotes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) with focus on the Sardinian endemic P. barbagiae

Table 1 Results of the tests of demographic equilibrium and mismatch analysis in mtDNA phylogeographic groups

Group	N	H	h	Fs	P	R ₂	τ	τ (5%)	τ (95%)	t (ka)	t (5%)	t (95%)
P. abencerragus + P. barbagiae	36	21	0.88 ± 0.04	−5.647	0.03	0.117	–	–	–	–	–	–
P. abencerragus	23	19	0.98 ± 0.02	−11.694	0	0.127	–	–	–	–	–	–
P. bavius	21	7	0.82 ± 0.063	−2.466	0.05	0.143	–	–	–	–	–	–
A1 + A2 + A3	98	20	0.80 ± 0.027	−5.878	0.02	0.093	–	–	–	–	–	–
A2	40	9	0.56 ± 0.087	−5.045	0	0.126	0.623	0	3.129	41	0	207
A3	21	9	0.85 ± 0.06	−2.852	0.04	0.138	–	–	–	–	–	–

Significantly small values of F_S and R₂ are in bold
N number of mtDNA sequences, H number of unique mtDNA haplotypes, h mtDNA haplotype diversity (±SD), FS Fu’s FS statistic, R₂ Rozas and Ramon-Onsins’ R₂ statistic, τ sudden demographic expansion parameter, with 5 and 95% confidence limits, t true time since population expansion, from τ = 2 μ T (where μ is the substitution rate per gene)

ISSN: 2056-3132