Fig. 3

Main component scores of Betta splendens in response to the mirror-image test according to different rearing environments.. Boxplot values are the median (center line), mean (cross), upper and lower quartiles (upper and lower edges of box), and maximum and minimum values (whiskers). × − marks are outliers. Significant differences between groups are indicated by different letters. N.S., not significant. Statistical significance is defined as p < 0.05 based on Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Steel–Dwass tests